There has been a widespread acknowledgement that policy measures to address the roots of American inequality need to be overtly conscious of race and class and take affirmative steps to address the country’s original sin, a white supremacist political economy. Some small steps forward appear to be occurring in terms of employment diversity and providing loans to lower wealth people of color but bridging the racial wealth divide requires far more. In the aftermath of the police murder of George Floyd, corporate America made billions of dollars of pledges to address racial inequality within their corporations and to invest in bridging inequality in their communities. Focusing on racial economic inequality and the racial wealth divide has shifted the conversation away from merely combatting individual prejudice and discrimination, directing our attention towards dismantling the policies that perpetuate racial economic inequality and advancing investments in low-wealth communities of color. Over the past decade, progress has been made in acknowledging the reality of racial inequality and its economic roots. Acknowledging the reality of racial inequality and its economic roots And those same conservatives have simultaneously firmed up structural inequalities by steering our economy in a regressive direction over the decades since Kennedy’s executive order.īy the 1980s the political economy of the US turned away from its formerly progressive direction – where lower- and middle-income Americans saw the strongest economic growth – to an economy where the wealthy hoarded economic advancement, exacerbating racial economic inequality. Legal challenges from conservatives have impeded the full implementation of affirmative action programs ever since they began. In the banking industry, for example, Blacks and Latinos are still concentrated in entry level positions with only 3% and 4% representation at the executive level. These types of Affirmative Action programs have been successful in government – particularly as it relates to African Americans – but have yet to deliver similar gains in the private sector. Affirmative action policies have since aimed to increase representation and opportunities for historically marginalized groups, including African Americans, Latinos, Native Americans and women. Kennedy’s Executive Order 10925, issued in 1961 to ensure greater employment opportunities for African Americans in government contracting. Affirmative action is defined as the practice or policy of favoring individuals belonging to groups regarded as disadvantaged or subject to discrimination.Īffirmative action traces its origins back to President John F. Tracing the origins of affirmative actionĭespite being well into the 21st century, racial inequality is deep and requires more direct intervention – not stepping away from affirmative action, a mild reform that was initiated 60 years ago. Homeownership rates reveal a stark contrast as well, with Black and Latinx homeownership rates at 42% and 47.5% respectively, while white homeownership rates now reach a record high of nearly 73%. Significant disparities also exist in median income, with African Americans at $41,000, Native Americans at $42,000, Latinos at $51,000, whites at $71,000 and Asian Americans at $87,000. In 2019, the median Black wealth stood at $9,000, Latino wealth at $14,000 and white wealth at $160,000. It is in these areas of economics and wealth that we clearly can see the depth of contemporary racial inequality. The foundation of racial economic inequality is the racial wealth divideĪs I often state, the foundation of racial inequality is racial economic inequality and the foundation of racial economic inequality is the racial wealth divide. Yet at the same time communities across the country are recognizing that racial inequality will only be addressed if policies are specifically designed to repair these divisions. If your app supports both orientations, then you don't need to declare either feature.#The app uses the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) telephony radio system.The Supreme Court’s latest attempt to mandate colorblindness amidst the reality of deep and widespread racial inequality has dealt another strong blow against affirmative action in higher education. The app requires the device to use the portrait or landscape orientation. The app uses the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) telephony radio system. Allows an app to create windows using the type TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT, shown on top of all other apps.
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